Potential Cassava Skin Waste (Manihot esculenta C.) In the Production of Bioethanol by Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Using Zymomonas mobilis Bacteria
Nur Umriani Permatasari, Seniwati Dali, Eka Sry Wahyuni
J. Pure App. Chem. Res. Vol 12, No 2 (2023), pp.
Submitted: April 11, 2023     Accepted: August 28, 2023     Published: August 28, 2023

Abstract



Cassava is one of the most produced agricultural products in Indonesia with cassava skin waste of 20%. Cassava skin carbohydrates are quite high and store enough cellulose content so that it has the potential to be used as bioethanol. This research aims to produce bioethanol from cassava bark waste through alkaline pretreatment, cellulase enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation of Zymomonas mobilis. Alkaline pretreatment with 14% NaOH is used to hydrolyze lignocellulose. Enzymatic optimization of hydrolysis using the surface response method (RSM) in determining pH in the range of 2-10 and hydrolysis temperature of 30-70°C with glucose content analysis Dinitrosalicilyc Acid (DNS) method using UV-vis spectrophotometry. Response floor methodology (RSM) is likewise implemented to decide the greatest conditions of the fermentation process, pH measurement range 2-10, and fermentation time 6-168 hours. Based on the results of research lignin content of 6.68% (b/b), cellulose content of 58.4% (b/b), and hemicellulose content of 27.3% (b/b). The optimum conditions of the hydrolysis process obtained an optimum glucose level of 9.22mg/mL at pH 2 and a hydrolysis temperature of 50°C, and the optimum conditions of the fermentation process using Zymomonas mobilis at pH 6 and fermentation time for 168 hours analyzed using a refractometer produced a bioethanol content of 37.75% (v/v), and analysis using gas chromatography produced a bioethanol content of 54.94% (v/v).

Keywords : alkaline pretreatment; bioethanol; Hydrolysis; surface response method (RSM); cassava skin waste; Zymomonas mobilis


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